Anonymised case study
Unpaid maintenance: doubt about the ability to pay
An indictment by non-payment of maintenance required an analysis of the periods claimed, the payments made and the financial capacity of the obliged person.
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Review the obligation and capacity to pay.
We analyze the resolution that sets the benefit, the period claimed, the payments made and the documented economic situation. Criminal proceedings and civil execution have different functions and should be coordinated without confusing their effects.
227 Requires specific requirements. Insolvency cannot simply be equated with a criminal refusal to pay. The contribution of payments may be relevant, but it does not automatically make it possible to state that the criminal proceedings are over.
Understanding to Decide
Anonymised case study
An indictment by non-payment of maintenance required an analysis of the periods claimed, the payments made and the financial capacity of the obliged person.
Read moreSupreme Court · Second Chamber
Supreme Court · Second Room · 2021
The defendant was convicted of failing to pay maintenance and remained liable for deliberately disposing of assets to avoid creditors. The Supreme Court emphasised the harm to children and the person meeting their care needs.
ECLI:ES:TS:2021:914
Read moreAnswers to guide you
19 Brief answers with references to official regulations.
The periodic assumption of article 227 provides for two consecutive months or four non-consecutive months of non-payment, in addition to the remaining requirements of the offence.
No. The benefit must fit into the legal circumstances and be fixed in a judicially approved agreement or judicial decision, with other requirements of the type.
Actual capacity to pay and voluntary behaviour should be analysed. An effective impossibility does not amount to a decision to default being able to pay.
Consult this service ↗See FAQ ↗It does not change the family resolution alone. Actual income and resources should be valued and, where appropriate, requested for amendment by the appropriate means.
Not automatically. The entity of the omitted, the economic capacity and the whole of the non-compliance are imported; the specific case should be considered.
You must not automatically equate them with due judicial payment. The content of the obligation and whether there is legally valid compliance must be checked.
No. The conflict over visits must be channeled in its own way and does not eliminate the judicially fixed economic obligation.
Not necessarily. Payment may repair the damage and influence the penalty, but it should be examined whether a criminal breach has already occurred.
Consult this service ↗See FAQ ↗Yeah. Article 227 provides that compensation for the damage always involves payment of the amounts due as a result of the offence.
Article 227.2 provides for certain joint or one-off financial obligations. It must be noted that the obligation and the assumption fit in with its regulation.
Persecution is subject to the complaint regime of the aggrieved person or his or her representative, with the intervention of Public Prosecutor’s Office in the cases envisaged.
No. They are routes with requirements and different objectives that must be coordinated, avoiding doubling the collection of the same debt.
Consult this service ↗See FAQ ↗Criminal proceedings for non-payment do not replace family proceedings for modification of the benefit. Past responsibility and future obligation must be distinguished.
Yes, if there are elements of frustration of execution or other type. It is not enough to claim a debt: the relevant patrimonial acts must be established.
Section 227.1 provides for imprisonment or a fine. The choice and individualization require attention to the facts and the legal rules.
Yes, if it's criminal and firm. The cancellation depends on the sentence imposed, its extinction and the legal period without any further offence.
The resolution or agreement approved, a monthly statement of due, proof of collection and requirements help to establish the non-compliance and the proof.
Document income, benefits, essential expenses, goods, payments made and economic changes. The defence must explain the actual capacity during the accused periods.
No. This expression may describe the impact of non-compliance, but does not substitute for legal requirements or evidence of criminally responsible conduct.
Spanish Constitutional Court
Violation of the right to effective judicial protection (access to jurisdiction): resolution that, in application of the legal precept annulled by STC 151/2020, of 22 of October, im...
Read moreFamily and successions
In Matrimonialistas you will find information about related civil actions and claims.
Several maintenance payments are missing. Does non-payment alone establish a crime in Spain? No. The criminal requirements and financial circumstances need to be examined.
Bring the court order or approved agreement, bank statements and a month-by-month comparison of amounts due and received. Adjustments and extraordinary expenses should be kept separate. Civil enforcement and criminal proceedings have different requirements and procedures.
The criminal assessment includes the obligation imposed and the ability to comply. If the paying person's income has fallen, they should not assume that the obligation has disappeared: appropriate legal measures need consideration. If you are claiming payment, document the debt without including amounts already received.
At penal.info, we coordinate the criminal review with family-law issues. Start by organising the order and payment records. Those documents help establish what can be claimed and through which route.
Book an appointment with María Morales at penal.info.
Time to listen
Consult with María Morales Elbaz, lawyer in Madrid.